CALENDAR: Gregorian (all); MAIN RECORD: languages used: Kazakh (from 1920), Russian (1920-1990); scripts: Kazakh - original (others used between 1920 and 1940 are replaced with current), Russian - original; TRANSLITERATION: Kazakh Latin-based alphabet 2021 (in parentheses), Russian GOST-1983 (1920-1990 in parentheses); OTHER: English (style equivalents).