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Figueras y Moragas, Estanislao

Estanislao Figueras y Moragas

b. 13 Nov 1819, Barcelona
d. 11 Nov 1882, Madrid

Title: Presidente del Poder Ejecutivo de la República (President of the Executive Power of the Republic)
Term: 12 Feb 1873 - 24 Feb 1873
Chronology: 12 Feb 1873, elected, session of the Asamblea Nacional (National Assembly), salón de sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados, Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid [1]
24 Feb 1873, collective resignation of the Executive Power (dated 24 Feb 1873) submitted to the National Assembly, accepted by acclamation, session of the National Assembly, salón de sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados, Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid [2]
Title: Presidente interino del Poder Ejecutivo de la República (Interim President of the Executive Power of the Republic)
Term: 24 Feb 1873 - 24 Feb 1873
Chronology: 24 Feb 1873, appointed, decree of the President of the National Assembly [2]
Title: Presidente del Poder Ejecutivo de la República (President of the Executive Power of the Republic) [3]
Term: 24 Feb 1873 - 11 Jun 1873
Chronology: 24 Feb 1873, elected, session of the National Assembly, salón de sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados, Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid [2]
7 Jun 1873, collective resignation of the Executive Power (dated 7 Jun 1873) submitted to the Cortes Constituyentes (Constituent Cortes), accepted, session of the Constituent Cortes, Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid; continues in office to provide for legitimate succession of governments [4]
11 Jun 1873, Constituent Cortes passed a resolution on final acceptance of the resignation submitted 7 Jun 1873, session of the Constituent Cortes, Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid [5]
Names/titles: Presidente del Gobierno de la República [12 Feb 1873 - 24 Feb 1873, 24 Feb 1873 - 11 Jun 1873], Presidente interino del Gobierno de la República [24 Feb 1873 - 24 Feb 1873] (these styles are used for counter-signing a minister's decree)
Biography:

Earned a degree in law (1840); joined the Partido Progresista (Progressive Party) in 1840; was involved in creation of the Partido Democrático (Democratic Party); elected deputy for Barcelona to the Cortes (1851-1852); activist of republican movement; a member of the Revolutionary Junta of Tarragona (1854); elected to the Constituent Cortes (1854-1856) by the constituency of Tarragona; deputy of the Cortes (1863); during the Revolution of 1868, served as a member of the Junta Provisional Revolucionaria de Madrid (30 Sep 1868 - 5 Oct 1868); founded La Igualdad newspaper (1868); republican minority leader in the Constituent Cortes (1869-1871); voted for República federal during the election of Spanish king (16 Nov 1870); advocated the idea of federal republic for Spain as a deputy of the Cortes (1871-1873); elected President of the Executive Power (12 Feb 1873 - 24 Feb 1873); resigned as a result of a coup backed by Francisco Serrano and Cristino Martos (24 Feb 1873); appointed Interim President of the Executive Power (24 Feb 1873), but almost immediately reelected as President of the Executive Power (24 Feb 1873 - 11 Jun 1873); formed a government composed exclusively of republicans; survived another coup organized by Martos (23 Apr 1873); elected to the Constituent Cortes (1873-1874) as a deputy for Barcelona; served as interim war minister (8 May 1873 - 11 Jun 1873); resigned along with the government before the newly constituted Cortes (7 Jun 1873), which voted for proclamation of the federal republic on 8 Jun 1873; spent some time in exile in France (1873-1874); following the downfall of the First Republic, acted as co-founder of the Partido Federal Orgánico (1880). Biography source: [6]

Elections:

Candidate Vote (12 Feb 1873)
Estanislao Figueras y Moragas 244
Cristino Martos Balbi 1
Francisco de Paula Canalejas y Casas 1

Candidate Vote (24 Feb 1873)
Estanislao Figueras y Moragas 231
Blas Nicolás María Rivero 2
Source for election results: [1][2]

[1] Diario de las sesiones de Cortes: Congreso de los Diputados: legislatura de 1872 á 1873, esta legislatura dio principio el domingo 15 de setiembre de 1872 y terminó el martes 11 de febrero de 1873 (Madrid: Imprenta de J.A. García, 1873). Vol. 4. Número 108. P. 3222; Gaceta de Madrid, miércoles 12 de Febrero de 1873. Núm. 43. P. 505.
[2] Gaceta de Madrid, martes 25 de Febrero de 1873. Núm. 56. PP. 651, 661.
[3] On two occasions, Figueras was substituted by Francisco Pi y Margall, who acted as Presidente interino del Poder Ejecutivo and Presidente interino del Gobierno de la República (10 Mar 1873 - 25 Mar 1873, 22 Apr 1873 - 28 Apr 1873).
[4] Gaceta de Madrid, domingo 8 de Junio de 1873. Núm. 159. P. 666.
[5] Gaceta de Madrid, jueves 12 de Junio de 1873. Núm. 163. PP. 703, 709.
[6] Enciclopedia de Historia de España. Vol. IV. Diccionario biográfico. (Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1991). P. 320.