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Felipe V
b. 19 Dec 1683, Versailles, France [1]
d. 9 Jul 1746, Madrid, Spain [2] |
| Title: |
Por la gracia de Dios, Rey de Castilla, de León, de Aragón, de las dos Sicilias, de Jerusalén, de Navarra, de Granada, de Toledo, de Valencia, de Galicia, de Mallorca, de Sevilla, de Cerdeña, de Córdoba, de Córcega, de Murcia, de Jaén, del Algarve, de Algeciras, de Gibraltar, de las Islas Canarias, de las Indias Orientales y Occidentales, de las Islas y Tierrafirme del Continente Oceánico, Archiduque de Austria, Duque de Borgoña, de Brabante y de Milán, Conde de Abspurg, de Flandes, del Tirol y de Barcelona, Señor de Vizcaya y de Molina, etc. (By the Grace of God, King of Castile, of Leon, of Aragon, of the Two Sicilies, of Jerusalem, of Navarre, of Granada, of Toledo, of Valencia, of Galicia, of Mallorca, of Seville, of Sardinia, of Cordoba, of Corsica, of Murcia, of Jaen, of the Algarve, of Algeciras, of Gibraltar, of the Canary Islands, of the East and West Indies, of the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Continent, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, of Brabant and Milan, Count of Habsburg, of Flanders, of Tyrol, and of Barcelona, Lord of Vizcaya and of Molina, etc.) [3] |
| Term: |
16 Nov 1700 - 15 Jan 1724 |
| Chronology: |
11 Nov 1700, offer to assume Spanish throne in accordance with the will of Carlos II accepted, meeting of the Council of State, Versailles, France [4] |
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16 Nov 1700, proclaimed in Versailles, France [5] |
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24 Nov 1700, proclaimed in absentia in Madrid [6] |
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22 Jan 1701, commenced to exercise royal authority upon entering the territory of Spain 22 Jan 1701 (entered Madrid 18 Feb 1701) [7] |
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10 Jan 1724, signed an act of abdication (dated San Ildefonso 10 Jan 1724, published by the courts 16 Jan 1724) [8] |
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15 Jan 1724, act of abdication communicated to successor recognized as king [9] |
| Term: |
6 (or 7) Sep 1724 - 9 Jul 1746 |
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6 (or 7) Sep 1724, resumed the exercise of royal authority in accordance with decree [10] |
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9 Jul 1746, died |
| Names/titles: |
Baptized (18 Jan 1687): Philippe; private name: Philippe, petit-fils de France (in French before accession), Felipe de Borbón y Baviera (in Spanish); duc d'Anjou (duke of Anjou) [19 Dec 1683 - 16 Nov 1700] |
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Por la gracia de Dios, Rey de Castilla, de Aragón, de León, de las Dos Sicilias, de Jerusalén, de Ungria, de Dalmacia, de Croacia, de Navarra, de Granada, de Toledo, de Valencia, de Galicia, de Mallorca, de Sevilla, de Cerdeña, de Córdoba, de Córcega, de Murcia, de Jaén, de los Algarbes, de Algeciras, de Gibraltar, de las Islas Canarias, de las Indias Orientales y Occidentales, de las Islas y Tierra-Firme del Mar Océano, Archiduque de Austria, Duque de Borgoña, de Brabante, de Milán, de Atenas, y Neopatria, Conde de Habsburgo, de Flandes, del Tirol, de Barcelona, de Rosellón, y Cerdaña, Marques de Oristano, y Conde de Goceano (By the Grace of God, King of Castile, of Aragon, of Leon, of the Two Sicilies, of Jerusalem, of Hungary, of Dalmatia, of Croatia, of Navarre, of Granada, of Toledo, of Valencia, of Galicia, of Mallorca, of Seville, of Sardinia, of Cordoba, of Corsica, of Murcia, of Jaen, of the Algarve, of Algeciras, of Gibraltar, of the Canary Islands, of the East and West Indies, of the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Continent, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, of Brabant, of Milan, of Athens and of Neopatria, Count of Habsburg, of Flanders, of Tyrol, of Barcelona, of Roussillon, and of Cerdanya, Marques of Oristano, and Count of Goceano) [in reference to Corona de Aragón until 1707-1711] |
| Biography: |
Second son of Louis de France, dauphin de Viennois, and Maria Anna Christine Victoria of Bavaria; grandson of King Louis XIV and uncle of Louis XV of France; was married to Maria Luisa of Savoy (2 Nov 1701); named first on the list of possible successors in the will of King Carlos II of Spain as a descent from Felipe IV; consented to succession actually decided by Louis XIV; was proclaimed in Versailles (16 Nov 1700) and then in Madrid (24 Nov 1700); departed from Versailles 4 Dec 1700 and entered Spain near Irún, Gipuzkoa (22 Jan 1701); arrived to Madrid 18 Feb 1701; embarked for Naples (8 Apr 1702) and then marched to Northern Italy to conquer the duchy of Milan; re-assumed the government upon returning to Spain (16 Dec 1702) and entered Madrid 17 Jan 1703; invaded Portugal (1704); laid siege to Barcelona held by the adherents of a claimant to the Spanish throne, Erzherzog Karl of Austria; abandoned Madrid (20 Jun 1706) seized by the English-Portuguese army, securing the proclamation of Erzherzog Karl as King Carlos III (26 Jun 1706); restored his authority in the capital by 4 Aug 1706; abolished the institutions and ancient privileges of the Corona de Aragón (Crown of Aragon), the stronghold of Erzherzog Karl; defeated the claimant's army at Almanza (25 Apr 1707); lost the Battle of Saragossa (20 Aug 1710) and retreated to Valladolid as Karl entered Madrid (28 Sep 1710); reconquered Madrid (3 Dec 1710); defeated the army under Graf Guido von Starhemberg at Villaviciosa (10 Dec 1710); encircled Barcelona and kept it under siege until 11 Sep 1714; concluded peace treaty at Utrecht (11 Apr 1713) and was recognized king by Great Britain and the Netherlands; founded royal library and Spanish academy (1714); following the death of his first wife (14 Feb 1714), married Elisabetta Farnese of Parma (24 Dec 1714); sent an expeditionary force that seized Sardinia and Sicily (1717) in attempt to overturn the peace settlements; suffered defeat and abandoned Italian claims by the Treaty of Den Haag (17 Feb 1720); joined the alliance of Britain and France (1721); either moved by personal aspirations or intending to inherit the French crown, he abdicated the throne in favor of his son, Luis who was proclaimed as Luis I 15 Jan 1724; after the sudden death of Luis I (31 Aug 1724), consented to resume the government as king (6-7 Sep 1724), initially for the term ending with the majority of Prince Fernando (future Fernando VI); laid claims to the Italian duchies leading to another war with Britain and France (1727-1729) which ended with the Treaty of Seville (9 Nov 1729) recognizing Spanish succession in Parma and Piacenza; concluded first "pacte de familie" with France (1733) and joined the War of Polish Succession against Austria (1733-1735). Biography source: [11] |
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| [1] |
"Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la Couronne, de la Maison du Roy et des anciens barons du royaume", by P. Anselme, continuée par M. Du Fourny, 3e éd. (Paris : la compagnie des libraires, 1726-1733). Tome I. P. 183. |
| [2] |
Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 12 de Julio de 1746. Núm. 28. PP. 223-224: "Madrid 12. de Julio de 1746. El dia 9. de este, à las dos de la tarde, hallandoſe en el Palacio de Buen-Retiro el Rey nuestro Señor D. PHELIPE QUINTO..." |
| [3] |
On coins: DEI GRATIA HISPAN[IARUM] ET IND[IARUM] REX (By the Grace of God, King of the Spains and the Indies). |
| [4] |
"Svccession de el Rey D. Phelipe V nuestro Señor en la Corona de España. Diario de svs viages desde Versalles a Madrid", by Antonio Cristóbal Ubilla y Medina (Madrid: Jvan Garcia Infanzon, 1704). PP. 18-19; incorrect date (10 Nov 1700) in Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 14 de Diziembre de 1700. Núm. 50. P. 198; the meeting of Council of State took place after the Spanish Ambassador was received by King Louis XIV of France at about 09:00 11 Nov 1700. |
| [5] |
"Svccession de el Rey D. Phelipe V nuestro Señor en la Corona de España". Op. cit. P. 25; Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 14 de Diziembre de 1700. Núm. 50. PP. 198-199. |
| [6] |
Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 30 de Noviembre de 1700. Núm. 48. P. 192; "Svccession de el Rey D. Phelipe V nuestro Señor en la Corona de España". Op. cit. PP. 71-75. |
| [7] |
"Svccession de el Rey D. Phelipe V nuestro Señor en la Corona de España". Op. cit. PP. 66-67. |
| [8] |
Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 18 de Enero de 1724. Núm. 3. P. 12. |
| [9] |
Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 25 de Enero de 1724. Núm. 4. PP. 15-16. |
| [10] |
The decree on assumption of royal authority was published in Gaceta de Madrid without date (see Gaceta de Madrid, del martes 12 de Septiembre de 1724. Núm. 37. P. 148); |
| [11] |
"Philip V of Spain: The King who Reigned Twice", by Henry Kamen (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001). |
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Image: portrait by Jean Ranc. |
