Malaysia: Heads of State: 1957-2024
The Constitution of the Federation of Malaya of 1957 (amended as the Constitution of Malaysia in 1963) refers to the holder of the executive authority of the Federation as Ketua Utama Negara bagi Persekutuan (Supreme Head of the Federation) and Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Paramount Ruler). After the creation of Malaysia (16 Sep 1963), the style invariably used in royal proclamations is Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Dengan kurnia Allah bagi negeri-negeri dan wilayah-wilayah Malaysia (By the grace of God, Paramount Ruler of the States and Territories of Malaysia). Each holder of the offices listed below is also the ruler of one of those states constituting Malaysia that are ruled by monarchs. Corresponding affiliation is noted in brackets after the name. |
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| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Paramount Ruler [1] | |
| 31 Aug 1957 - 1 Apr 1960 | Tuanku Abdul Rahman Ibni Al-Marhum Tuanku Muhammad [Negeri Sembilan] |
| Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Deputy Paramount Ruler (ex officio) | |
| 1 Apr 1960 - 14 Apr 1960 | Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Ibni al-Marhum Sultan Alaiddin Sulaiman Shah [Selangor] |
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Paramount Ruler | |
| 14 Apr 1960 - 1 Sep 1960 | Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Alaiddin Sulaiman Shah [Selangor] |
| Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Deputy Paramount Ruler (ex officio) | |
| 1 Sep 1960 - 21 Sep 1960 | Tuanku Syed Harun Putra Al-Haj Ibni al-Marhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail [Perlis] |
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Paramount Ruler | |
| 21 Sep 1960 - 21 Sep 1965 | Tuanku Syed Harun Putra Al-Haj Ibni Al-Marhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail [Perlis] |
| 21 Sep 1965 - 21 Sep 1970 | Tuanku Ismail Nasiruddin Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Zainal Abidin Muʾadzam Shah [Terengganu] |
| 21 Sep 1970 - 21 Sep 1975 | Al-Muʾtasimu Billahi Muhibbuddin Tuanku Al-Haj Abdul Halim Muʾadzam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Badlishah [Kedah] |
| 21 Sep 1975 - 29 Mar 1979 | Tengku Yahya Petra Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim [Kelantan] |
| Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Deputy Paramount Ruler (ex officio) | |
| 29 Mar 1979 - 26 Apr 1979 | Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Mustaʾin Billahi Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar Riʾayatuddin Al-Muʾadzam Shah [Pahang] |
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Paramount Ruler | |
| 26 Apr 1979 - 26 Apr 1984 | Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Mustaʾin Billahi Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar Riʾayatuddin Al-Muʾadzam Shah [Pahang] |
| 26 Apr 1984 - 26 Apr 1989 | Al-Mutawakkin Alallah Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Al-Haj Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi [Johor] |
| 26 Apr 1989 - 26 Apr 1994 | Sultan Azlan Muhibuddin Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Yussuf Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullahu-lah [Perak] |
| 26 Apr 1994 - 26 Apr 1999 | Tuanku Jaʾafar Ibni Al-Marhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman [Negeri Sembilan] |
| 26 Apr 1999 - 21 Nov 2001 | Salehuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj [Selangor] |
| Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Deputy Paramount Ruler (ex officio) | |
| 21 Nov 2001 - 13 Dec 2001 | Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah [Terengganu] |
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Paramount Ruler | |
| 13 Dec 2001 - 13 Dec 2006 | Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin Ibni Al-Marhum Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail [Perlis] |
| 13 Dec 2006 - 13 Dec 2011 | Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah [Terengganu] |
| 13 Dec 2011 - 13 Dec 2016 | Al-Muʾtasimu Billahi Muhibbuddin Tuanku Al-Haj Abdul Halim Muʾadzam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Badlishah [Kedah] |
| 13 Dec 2016 - 6 Jan 2019 | Sultan Muhammad V [Kelantan] [2] |
| Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Deputy Paramount Ruler (ex officio) | |
| 6 Jan 2019 - 31 Jan 2019 | Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah Al-Maghfur-Lah [Perak] |
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Paramount Ruler | |
| 31 Jan 2019 - 31 Jan 2024 | Al-Sultan Abdullah Riʾayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah ibni Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Mustaʾin Billah [Pahang] |
| 31 Jan 2024 - | Sultan Ibrahim [Johor] |
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| [1] | Full style and titles approved and proclaimed by the government 17 May 1960 and effective to 16 Sep 1963 were Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Persekutuan Tanah Melayu (Paramount Ruler, Federation of Malaya). |
| [2] | Original name: Tengku Muhammad Faris Petra ibni Sultan Ismail Petra (acceded to the throne of Kelantan on 13 Sep 2010 under the name of Sultan Muhammad V). |
Last update: 15 Feb 2024