Korea: Polity Style: 918-1393 |
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| 25 Jul 918 | name of the state is changed to Goryeo (高麗|고려) (Goryeosa, ch. 1) |
| 25 Jul 918 - 27 Mar 1393 | Goryeo (高麗|고려) |
| 2 Apr 933 | the king of Goryeo is recognized and enfeoffed as Goryeo gugwang (高麗國王|고려 국왕) in accordance with an imperial edict of the Later Tang (issued on 9 Jul 932, received in Goryeo on 2 Apr 933), the suzerainty of the Later Tang is acknowledged by acceptance of the Later Tang reign era (Old History of the Five Dynasties, ch. 43; New History of the Five Dynasties, ch. 6; Goryeosa, ch. 1) |
| Aug 938 | the suzerainty of the Later Jin is acknowledged by acceptance of the Later Jin reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 2) |
| Oct 948 | the suzerainty of the Later Han is acknowledged by acceptance of the Later Han reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 2) |
| Jan/Feb 949 | the use of the Later Han reign era is abandoned |
| Jan 952 | the suzerainty of the Later Zhou is acknowledged by acceptance of the Later Zhou reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 2) |
| 13 Apr 960? | the use of the Later Zhou reign era is abandoned |
| Dec 963/Jan 964 | the suzerainty of Song is acknowledged by acceptance of the Song reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 2) |
| Mar/Apr 994 | the suzerainty of Liao is acknowledged by acceptance of the Liao reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 3) |
| Mar/Apr 996 | the king of Goryeo is recognized and enfeoffed as Goryeo gugwang (高麗國王|고려 국왕) in accordance with an edict of the emperor of Liao received in Goryeo in Mar/Apr 996 (History of Liao, ch. 13; Goryeosa, ch. 3) |
| 1016 | the suzerainty of Song is acknowledged by restoration of the Song reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 4) |
| May 1022 | the king of Goryeo is confirmed as Goryeo gugwang (高麗國王|고려 국왕) in accordance with an edict of the emperor of Liao, the suzerainty of Liao is acknowledged by restoration of the Liao reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 4) |
| 21 May 1116 | the use of the Liao reign era is abandoned (Goryeosa, ch. 14) |
| 23 Jun 1126 | the king of Goryeo is recognized and enfeoffed as Goryeo gugwang (高麗國王|고려 국왕) in accordance with an edict of the emperor of Jin (issued on 23 Jun 1126) in respose to a petition of Goryeo for recognition by the Jurchen Jin (dispatched on 5 May 1126) (History of Jin, ch. 3; Goryeosa, ch. 15) |
| 3 Aug 1142 | the suzerainty of the Jurchen Jin is acknowledged by acceptance of the Jin reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 17) |
| 1224 | the use of the Jin reign era is abandoned (Goryeosa, ch. 87) |
| Jul/Aug 1260 | a petition of Goryeo for recognition by the Mongolian empire is dispatched on 9 Jun 1260 and received in Jul/Aug 1260 (History of Yuan, ch. 4; Goryeosa, ch. 25) |
| 24 Sep 1260 | the king of Goryeo is recognized and enfeoffed as Goryeo gugwang (高麗國王|고려 국왕) in accordance with an edict of the Mongolian emperor (issued in Jul/Aug 1260, received in Goryeo on 24 Sep 1260), suzerainty of the Mongolian empire is acknowledged by acceptance of the Mongolian reign era (History of Yuan, ch. 4; Goryeosa, ch. 25) |
| 12 Jun 1369 | the use of the Yuan (formerly Mongolian) reign era is abandoned (Goryeosa, ch. 41) |
| 3 Sep 1369 | a petition of Goryeo for recognition by Ming is dispatched on 15 Jun 1369 and received on 3 Sep 1369 (Veritable Records of Ming, Reign of Tàizǔ, ch. 44; Goryeosa, ch. 41) |
| 20 Jun 1370 | the king of Goryeo is recognized and enfeoffed as Goryeo gugwang (高麗國王|고려 국왕) in accordance with an imperial edict of Ming (issued on 15 Sep 1369, received in Goryeo on 20 Jun 1370) (Veritable Records of Ming, Reign of Tàizǔ, ch. 44; Goryeosa, ch. 42) |
| 31 Jul 1370 | the suzerainty of Ming is acknowledged by acceptance of the Ming reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 42) |
| Mar/Apr 1377 | the suzerainty of the Northern Yuan is acknowledged by acceptance of the Yuan reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 133) |
| Sep/Oct 1378 | the suzerainty of Ming is restored by acceptance of the Ming reign era (Goryeosa, ch. 133) |
| 27 Mar 1393 | name of the state is reverted to Joseon (朝鮮|조선) in accordance with a royal proclamation of 27 Mar 1393 based on the instructions approved by the emperor of Ming on 22 Dec 1392 (Joseon Veritable Records, 1st year of the reign of Taejo, book 1, volume 3, pp. 3B-4A) |
Last update: 29 Nov 2023