The battle of Waterloo (18 Jun 1815) marked the final defeat of Napoléon I^er and the victory of the Allied Powers. Upon returning to Paris (21 Jun 1815), Napoléon received a demand for abdication from the Chambre des représentants (Chamber of Representatives), threatening to proclaim his deposition if he would decline. Thus, the emperor signed (22 Jun 1815) the Déclaration au peuple français (Declaration to the French People), announcing that his political life came to an end and proclaiming his son a new emperor under the name of Napoléon II. Passed to the Chamber of Representatives, the declaration was accepted by voting (22 Jun 1815), while the Chambre des pairs (Chamber of Peers) passed a resolution of adhesion (22 Jun 1815). The chambers also resolved (22 Jun 1815) that a commission of five members would be elected for exercising provisionally the functions of government. Three members of the commission (Carnot, duc d'Otrante, comte Grenier) were elected by the Chamber of Representatives (22 Jun 1815) and two (duc de Vicence, baron de Quinette) by the Peers (voting was completed before 03:00 23 Jun 1815). The Commission de gouvernement (Commission of Government) constituted itself in the Palais des Tuileries (23 Jun 1815) and communicated two messages to the chambers on its constitution (24 Jun 1815). The issue of the succession of Napoléon II came up at the session of the Representatives on 23 Jun 1815, giving rise to considerable debate, culminating in passing of the ordre du jour motivé, proclaiming Napoléon II emperor (23 Jun 1815), which was endorsed by the Peers on the same day. While the Commission of Government issued a proclamation to the nation (24 Jun 1815), confirming Napoléon II's accession, it avoided the use of his name in judiciary documents issued in the name of the French people (au nom du peuple français) [1]. The Allied Powers entered Paris aiming to restore the Bourbon dynasty. The representatives of the Commission of Government signed the act of capitulation (3 Jul 1815), leaving the capital open for Anglo-Prussian occupation. Following the entrance of the Prussian troops, the Chamber of Representatives received a message from the Commission of Government (7 Jul 1815), explaining that it has finally become clear that the Allied Powers insist on the restoration of Louis XVIII, and that the Allied Forces are about to occupy the Tuileries. Under the circumstances the Commission of Government submitted its resignation (7 Jul 1815). The Chamber of Representatives was prevented from meeting by armed forces (8 Jul 1815), and the Peers, having received the report from the Representatives regarding the resignation of the Commission, adjourned without debate. Source: [2]