Yuan: Emperors: 1271-1368
Each ruler is recorded under the following protocol: temple name (miàohào | 廟號) || personal name (míng | 名), considered tabooed (huì | 諱) upon accession; posthumous name (shì | 諡), posthumous name as transcribed from Mongolian to Chinese. The years of bestowal or change are given in brackets. |
| Ruling House: Bórzhījīn (孛兒只斤) |
| Huángdì (皇帝) |
| 18 Dec 1271 - 18 Feb 1294 |
Shìzǔ (世祖) [1294] || Hūbìliè (忽必烈) |
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posthumous name: Shèng dé shén gōng wén wǔ huángdì (聖德神功文武皇帝) [1294] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Xuēchán huángdì (薛禪皇帝) [1294] |
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| 10 May 1294 - 10 Feb 1307 |
Chéngzōng (成宗) [1307] || Tiěmùr (鐵穆耳) |
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posthumous name: Qīn míng guǎng xiào huángdì (欽明廣孝皇帝) [1307] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Wánzédǔ huángdì (完澤篤皇帝) [1307] |
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| 21 Jun 1307 - 27 Jan 1311 |
Wǔzōng (武宗) [1311] || Hǎishān (海山) |
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posthumous name: Rén huì xuān xiào huángdì (仁惠宣孝皇帝) [1311] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Qūlǜ huángdì (曲律皇帝) [1311] |
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| 7 Apr 1311 - 1 Mar 1320 |
Rénzōng (仁宗) [1320] || Àiyùlíbálìbādá (愛育黎拔力八達) |
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posthumous name: Shèng wén qīn xiào huángdì (聖文欽孝皇帝) [1320] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Pǔyándǔ huángdì (普顏篤皇帝) [1320] |
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| 19 Apr 1320 - 4 Sep 1323 |
Yīngzōng (英宗) [1324] || Shídébālà (碩德八剌) |
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posthumous name: Ruì shèng wén xiào huángdì (睿聖文孝皇帝) [1324] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Géjiān huángdì (格堅皇帝) [1324] |
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| 4 Oct 1323 - 15 Aug 1328 |
no temple name bestowed || Yěsūn Tiěmùr (也孫鐵木兒) |
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common reference (byname): Tàidìng huángdì (泰定皇帝) [1] |
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| Oct 1328 - 14 Nov 1328 |
no temple name bestowed || Ālàjíbā (阿剌吉八) [2] |
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| 16 Oct 1328 - 27 Feb 1329 |
Wénzōng (文宗) [1333] || Tú Tiēmùr (圖帖睦爾) [3] |
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posthumous name: Shèng míng yuán xiào huángdì (聖明元孝皇帝) [1333] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Zháyádǔ huángdì (札牙篤皇帝) |
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| 27 Feb 1329 - 30 Aug 1329 |
Míngzōng (明宗) [1329] || Héshìlà (和世㻋) [4] |
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posthumous name: Yì xiàn jǐng xiào huángdì (翼獻景孝皇帝) [1329] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Hùdūdǔ huángdì (護都篤皇帝) [1329] |
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| 8 Sep 1329 - 2 Sep 1332 |
Wénzōng (文宗) [1333] || Tú Tiēmùr (圖帖睦爾) |
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| 23 Oct 1332 - 14 Dec 1332 |
Níngzōng (寧宗) [1337] || Yìlínzhìbān (懿璘質班) |
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posthumous name: Chōng shèng sì xiào huángdì (冲聖嗣孝皇帝 or 衝聖嗣孝皇帝) [1337] |
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| 19 Jul 1333 - 14 Sep 1368 |
Shùndì (順帝) [1370] || Tuǒhuān Tiēmùr (妥懽貼睦爾) or Tuǒhuān Tiěmùr (妥懽帖木耳) [5] |
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posthumous name: Huìzōng huángdì (惠宗皇帝) [1370] |
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posthumous name (transcribed Mongolian): Wūhātú hàn (烏哈圖汗) [1370] |
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| [1] |
The epithet Tàidìng huángdì (泰定皇帝), used by historians, is the term meaning "the Tàidìng emperor" after an era name (1324-1328) during his reign. |
| [2] |
Acceded the imperial throne in Shangdu. Disappeared (or possibly was killed) after the surrender of Shangdu to the invading army of rebels (14 Nov 1328). |
| [3] |
Acceded the imperial throne in Dadu (Khanbaliq) in opposition to Ālàjíbā who had been enthroned in Shangdu. Agreed to enthronement of his brother, Héshìlà, but re-assumed the throne after the latter's death. |
| [4] |
Acceded the imperial throne north of Karakorum (now in Mongolia) and died soon after entering the territory of Yuan. |
| [5] |
The court of Tuǒhuān Tiēmùr left the capital, Dadu (Khanbaliq), on 10 Sep 1368, and on 14 Sep 1368 the city was captured by the army of Ming. |
