Tang: Emperors: 705-907Each ruler is recorded under the following protocol: temple name (miàohào | 廟號) || personal name (míng | 名), considered tabooed (huì | 諱) upon accession; posthumous name (shì | 諡). The years of bestowal or change are given in brackets. |
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| Ruling House: Lǐ (李) | |
| Huángdì (皇帝) | |
| 23 Feb 705 - 3 Jul 710 | Zhōngzōng (中宗) [710] || Lǐ Xiǎn (李顯) [656]; Lǐ Zhé (李哲) [677]; Lǐ Xiǎn (李顯) [698] [1] |
| posthumous names: Xiào hé huángdì (孝和皇帝) [710]; Tài hé dà shèng dà zhāo xiào huángdì (太和大聖大昭孝皇帝) [754] | |
| 8 Jul 710 - 25 Jul 710 | no temple name bestowed || Lǐ Chóngmào (李重茂) [2][3] |
| posthumous names: Shāng huángdì (殤[皇帝]) [714] | |
| 25 Jul 710 - 8 Sep 712 | Ruìzōng (睿宗) [716] || Lǐ Xùlún (李旭輪) [662]; Lǐ Lún (李輪) [669]; Lǐ Dàn (李旦) [683] [4] |
| posthumous names: Dà shèng zhēn huángdì (大聖貞皇帝) [716]; Xuán zhēn dà shèng dà xīng xiào huángdì (玄真大聖大興孝皇帝) [754] | |
| 8 Sep 712 - 14 Sep 756 | Xuánzōng (玄宗) [763?] || Lǐ Lōngjī (李隆基) [5][6] |
| posthumous names: Zhì dào dà shèng dà míng xiào huángdì (至道大聖大明孝皇帝) [763?] | |
| 12 Aug 756 - 16 May 762 | Sùzōng (肅宗) [762] || Lǐ Sìshēng (李嗣升), alternative spelling: 李嗣昇; Lǐ Jùn (李浚) [725]; Lǐ Yú (李璵) [735]; Lǐ Shào (李紹) [738]; Lǐ Hēng (李亨) [744] [7][8] |
| posthumous names: Wén míng wǔ dé dà shèng dà xuān xiào huángdì (文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝) [762] | |
| 18 May 762 - 10 Jun 779 | Dàizōng (代宗) [779] || Lǐ Chù (李俶); Lǐ Yù (李豫) [758] |
| posthumous names: Ruì wén xiào wǔ huángdì (睿文孝武皇帝) [779] | |
| 12 Jun 779 - 25 Feb 805 | Dézōng (德宗) [805] || Lǐ Shì (李適) |
| posthumous names: Shén wǔ xiào wén huángdì (神武孝文皇帝) [805]; Shén wǔ shèng wén huángdì (神武聖文皇帝) [805] | |
| 28 Feb 805 - 31 Aug 805 | Shùnzōng (順宗) [806] || Lǐ Sòng (李誦) [9] |
| posthumous names: Zhì dé dà shèng dà ān xiào huángdì (至德大聖大安孝皇帝) [806]; Zhì dé hóng dào dà shèng dà ān xiào huángdì (至德弘道大聖大安孝皇帝) [850] | |
| 5 Sep 805 - 14 Feb 820 | Xiànzōng (憲宗) [820] || Lǐ Chún (李淳); Lǐ Chún (李純) [805] |
| posthumous names: Shèng shén zhāng wǔ xiào huángdì (聖神章武孝皇帝) [820]; Zhāo wén zhāng wǔ dà shèng xiào huángdì (昭文章武大聖孝皇帝) [850]; Zhāo wén zhān gwǔ dà shèng zhì shén xiào huángdì (昭文章武大聖至神孝皇帝) [850] | |
| 20 Feb 820 - 25 Feb 824 | Mùzōng (穆宗) [824] || Lǐ Yòu (李宥); Lǐ Héng (李恆) [812] |
| posthumous names: Ruì shèng wén huì xiào huángdì (睿聖文惠孝皇帝) [824] | |
| 26 Feb 824 - 9 Jan 827 | Jìngzōng (敬宗) [827] || Lǐ Zhàn (李湛) [10] |
| posthumous names: Ruì wǔ zhāo mǐn xiào huángdì (睿武昭湣孝皇帝) [827] | |
| 13 Jan 827 - 10 Feb 840 | Wénzōng (文宗) [840] || Lǐ Hán (李涵); Lǐ Áng (李昂) [827?] |
| posthumous names: Yuán shèng zhāo xiàn xiào huángdì (元聖昭獻孝皇帝) [840] | |
| 20 Feb 840 - 22 Apr 846 | Wǔzōng (武宗) [846] || Lǐ Chán (李瀍); Lǐ Yán (李炎) [846] |
| posthumous names: Zhì dào zhāo sù xiào huángdì (至道昭肅孝皇帝) [846] | |
| 22 Apr 846 - 7 Sep 859 | Xuānzōng (宣宗) [859] || Lǐ Yí (李怡); Lǐ Chén (李忱) [846] [11] |
| posthumous names: Shèng wǔ xiàn wén xiào huángdì (聖武獻文孝皇帝) [859]; Yuán shèng zhì míng chén gwǔ xiàn wén ruì zhì zhāng rén shén cōng yì dào dà xiào huángdì (元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝) [873] | |
| 13 Sep 859 - 15 Aug 873 | Yìzōng (懿宗) [873] || Lǐ Wēn (李溫); Lǐ Cuǐ (李漼) [859] [12] |
| posthumous names: Zhāo shèng gōng huì xiào huángdì (昭聖恭惠孝皇帝) [873] | |
| 15 or 16 Aug 873 - 20 Apr 888 | Xīzōng (僖宗) [888] || Lǐ Yǎn (李儼); Lǐ Xuān (李儇) [873] [13] |
| posthumous names: Huì shèng gōng dìng xiào huángdì (惠聖恭定孝皇帝) [888] | |
| 22 Apr 888 - 30 Nov or 1 Dec 900 | Zhāozōng (昭宗) [905] || Lǐ Jié (李傑) [872]; Lǐ Mǐn (李敏) [888]; Lǐ Yè (李曄) [889] [14][15] |
| 4 Dec 900 - 23 or 24 Jan 901 | no temple name bestowed || Lǐ Yù (李裕); Lǐ Chēn (李縝) [900]; Lǐ Yòu (李祐) [901] [16] |
| 23 or 24 Jan 901 - 22 Sep 904 | Zhāozōng (昭宗) [905] || Lǐ Jié (李傑) [872]; Lǐ Mǐn (李敏) [888]; Lǐ Yè (李曄) [889] [17] |
| posthumous names: Shèng mù jǐng wén xiào huángdì (聖穆景文孝皇帝) [905] | |
| 26 Sep 904 - 1 Jun 907 | Jǐngzōng (景宗) [929] || Lǐ Zhù (李柷 or 李祝); Lǐ Zuò (李祚) [897]; Lǐ Zhù (李柷) [904] [18][19] |
| posthumous names: Āi huángdì (哀皇帝) [925?]; Zhāo xuān guāng liè xiào huángdì (昭宣光烈孝皇帝) [929] | |
| | |
| [1] | Honorific title (after deposition): Lúlíng wáng (廬陵王) [684] |
| [2] | 8 Jul 710 is the date of enthronement according to Old Book of Tang, ch. 7, and Zīzhì Tòngjiàn, ch. 209. Alternative date: 5 Jul 710 (New Book of Tang, ch. 5). |
| [3] | Honorific titles (after abdication): Wēn wáng (溫王) [710]; Xiāng wáng (襄王) [711] |
| [4] | Honorific title (after abdication): Tàishàng huángdì (太上皇帝) [712]. |
| [5] | Before the storming of the capital, Chang'an, by the armies of Yān (燕), Xuánzōng abandoned the city (14 Jul 756), and fled to the territory of the modern province of Sichuan. He acknowledged the accession of Sùzōng on 14 Sep 756. |
| [6] | Honorific titles (after relinquishing the throne): Tàishàng huáng (太上皇) [756]; Tài shàng zhì dào shèng huáng dà dì (太上至道聖皇大帝) [758]. |
| [7] | Acceded to the throne on 12 Aug 756 in Lingwu (now in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region). |
| [8] | Apparently died during the night of 15/16 May 762 (New Book of Tang, ch. 6). |
| [9] | Honorific titles (after abdication): Tàishàng huáng (太上皇) [805]; Yīng gān shèng shòu tài shàng huáng (應乾聖壽太上皇) [806] |
| [10] | 26 Feb 824 is the date of enthronement according to Old Book of Tang, ch. 17A, and Zīzhì Tòngjiàn, ch. 243. Alternative date: 29 Feb 824 (New Book of Tang, ch. 8). |
| [11] | According to Old Book of Tang, ch. 18B, Xuānzōng died on 7 Sep 859. Zīzhì Tòngjiàn, ch. 249, asserts that Xuānzōng was found dead on a date before 9 Sep 859. An edict in the name of Xuānzōng was issued on 9 Sep 859 creating Lǐ Wēn (李溫) the crown prince. The death of Xuānzōng was publicly announced on 10 Sep 859. Alternative date of the death: 10 Sep 859 (New Book of Tang, ch. 8). |
| [12] | According to Old Book of Tang, ch. 19A, and Zīzhì Tòngjiàn, ch. 249, Yìzōng was enthroned on 13 Sep 859. Alternative date of the enthonement: 10 Sep 859 (New Book of Tang, ch. 9). |
| [13] | Abandoned the capital, Chang'an, in early 881 and fled to the territory of the modern province of Sichuan. Chang'an was occupied by the rebels and became the capital of a new state, Qí (齊). After the military defeat of Qí, Xīzōng returned to Chang'an on 18 May 883. |
| [14] | Zhāozōng was detained and deposed on 30 Nov or 1 Dec 900. An imperial edict proclaimed the accession of the crown prince, Lǐ Yù (李裕), on 1 Dec 900. Lǐ Yù ascended to the throne on 4 Dec 901. |
| [15] | Honorific title (after deposition): Tàishàng huángdì (太上皇帝) [900]. |
| [16] | Deposed and demoted (restored) to prince: Dé wáng (德王) [901] . |
| [17] | According to Old Book of Tang, ch. 20A, Zhāozōng returned to the palace and was greeted at court on 23 Jan 901. New Book of Tang, ch. 10, simply states that the emperor returned to power on 24 Jan 901. |
| [18] | According to Old Book of Tang, ch. 20B, Jǐngzōng having resolved to abdicate, issued a preparatory decree to that effect on 28 Apr 907. The high-ranking ministers were dispatched to the capital of the Later Liang. Upon the arrival of the envoys, the transfer was effected on 1 Jun 907. |
| [19] | Abdicated and was demoted to prince: Jìyīn wáng (濟陰王) [907]. |
Last update: 25 Dec 2023