Qing: Sources

• Draft History of Qing. "Draft History of Qing" (Qīng shǐ gǎo | 清史稿) (web site)
• Guangxu and Xuantong Reigns Imperial Edicts. Compilation of the Imperial Edicts issued during the Reigns of the Guangxu and Xuantong Emperors (Guāngxù Xuāntǒng liǎng cháo shàngyù dàng | 光绪宣统两朝上谕档) (Guilin: Guǎngxī shīfàn dàxué chūbǎnshè, 1996), 37 vols.
• Veritable Records of Qing. "Veritable Records of Qing" (Qīng shílù | 清實錄) (web site)

• Cabinet Gazette. Political Gazette (Zhèngzhì guānbào | 政治官報) No. 1, 26 Oct 1907 - No. 1370, 23 Aug 1911 || Cabinet Gazette (Nèigé guānbào | 內閣官報) No. 1, 24 Aug 1911 - No. 173, 12 Feb 1912; No. 1, 2 Jul 1917 - No. 8, 9 Jul 1917 (web site: 1907-1912)
• Provisional Gazette (Beijing). Provisional Gazette (Línshí gōngbào | 臨時公報) [unnumbered] 13 Feb 1912 - 30 Apr 1912 (web site)

• North China Herald. The North-China Herald, No. 1, 3 Aug 1850 - No. 870, 30 Mar 1867 || The North China Herald and Market Report, No. 1, 8 Apr 1867 - No. 88, 28 Dec 1868 || The North China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette, No. 140, 4 Jan 1870 - No. 3876, 19 Nov 1941 (web site)
• Shanghai News. Shanghai News (Shēn bào | 申報) No. 1, 30 Apr 1872 - No. 25,600, 27 May 1949 (web site)
• Ta Kung Pao. Ta Kung Pao (Dà gōngbào | 大公報) from No. 1, 17 Jun 1902 (web site: 1909, 1915-1949)

• Moule. "The Rulers Of China 221 B.C. – A.D. 1949", ed. by Arthur Christopher Moule (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1957).