Primary sources:
- Draft History of Qing. Draft History of Qing (Qīng shǐ gǎo|清史稿) online
- Guangxu and Xuantong Reigns Imperial Edicts. Compilation of the Imperial Edicts issued during the Reigns of the Guangxu and Xuantong Emperors (Guāngxù Xuāntǒng liǎng cháo shàngyù dàng | 光绪宣统两朝上谕档) (Guilin: Guǎngxī shīfàn dàxué chūbǎnshè, 1996), 37 vols.
- Veritable Records of Qing. Veritable Records of Qing (Qīng shílù|清實錄) online
Primary sources (gazettes):
- Cabinet Gazette. Political Gazette (Zhèngzhì guānbào | 政治官報) No. 1, 26 Oct 1907 - No. 1370, 23 Aug 1911 || Cabinet Gazette (Nèigé guānbào | 內閣官報) No. 1, 24 Aug 1911 - No. 173, 12 Feb 1912; No. 1, 2 Jul 1917 - No. 8, 9 Jul 1917 (web site: 1907-1912)
- Provisional Gazette (Beijing). Provisional Gazette (Línshí gōngbào | 臨時公報) [unnumbered] 13 Feb 1912 - 30 Apr 1912 (web site)
Primary sources (newspapers):
- North China Herald. The North-China Herald (No. 1, 3 Aug 1850 - No. 870, 30 Mar 1867) || The North China Herald and Market Report (No. 1, 8 Apr 1867 - No. 88, 28 Dec 1868) || The North China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette (No. 140, 4 Jan 1870 - No. 3876, 19 Nov 1941) online
- Shanghai News. Shanghai News (Shēn bào | 申報) No. 1, 30 Apr 1872 - No. 25,600, 27 May 1949 (web site)
- Ta Kung Pao. Ta Kung Pao (Dà gōngbào | 大公報) from No. 1, 17 Jun 1902 (web site: 1909, 1915-1949)
Secondary sources:
- Moule (1957). Moule, Arthur Christopher (ed.) The Rulers Of China 221 B.C. – A.D. 1949. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1957. online
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