Cao Wei: Emperors: 220-266Each ruler is recorded under the following protocol: temple name (miàohào | 廟號) || personal name (míng | 名), considered tabooed (huì | 諱) upon accession; courtesy name (zì | 字); posthumous name (shì | 諡). The years of bestowal or change are given in brackets. |
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| Ruling House: Cáo (曹) | |
| Huángdì (皇帝) | |
| 10 (or 11) Dec 220 - 29 Jun 226 | Gāozǔ (高祖) || Cáo Pī (曹丕) [1] |
| courtesy name: Zǐhuán (子桓) | |
| posthumous name: Wén huángdì (文皇帝) | |
| 29 Jun 226 - 22 Jan 239 | Lièzǔ (烈祖) [239] || Cáo Ruì (曹叡) [2] |
| courtesy name: Yuánzhòng (元仲) | |
| posthumous name: Míng huángdì (文皇帝) [239] | |
| 22 Jan 239 - 17 Oct 254 | no temple name bestowed || Cáo Fāng (曹芳) [3] |
| courtesy name: Lánqīng (蘭卿) | |
| posthumous name: Lì gōng (厲公) [274] | |
| 2 Nov 254 - 2 Jun 260 | no temple name bestowed || Cáo Máo (曹髦) |
| courtesy name: Yànshì (彥士) | |
| 27 Jun 260 - 4 Feb 266 | no temple name bestowed || Cáo Huàn (曹奐) [4] |
| courtesy name: Jǐngmíng (景明) | |
| posthumous name: Yuán huángdì (元皇帝) [302] | |
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| [1] | According to Records of the Three States, ch. 2, the ceremony of accession of Cáo Pī took place on 10 Dec 220. Annotations to Records of the Three States, citing a work known as Biography of the Xian Emperor (Xiàn dì zhuàn | 獻帝傳) dates the ceremony to 11 Dec 220. The same date is cited in Zīzhì Tòngjiàn, ch. 69. |
| [2] | The posthumous name, Lièzǔ, was pre-selected in 237 during the emperor's lifetime and was formally bestowed after his death in 239. |
| [3] | Deposed and demoted to prince: Qí wáng (齊王) [title held before accession]; demoted to duke: Shàolíng xiàngōng (邵陵縣公) [conferred by the ruler of Jin, 266]. |
| [4] | Abdicated and was demoted to prince: Chénliú wáng (陳留王) [conferred by the ruler of Jin, 266]. |
Last update: 20 Feb 2024