Cao Wei: Emperors: 220-266Each ruler is recorded under the following protocol: temple name (miàohào | 廟號) || personal name (míng | 名), considered tabooed (huì | 諱) upon accession; courtesy name (zì | 字); posthumous name (shì | 諡). The years of bestowal or change are given in brackets. |
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| Ruling House: Cáo (曹) | |
| Huángdì (皇帝) | |
| 10 (or 11) Dec 220 - 29 Jun 226 | Gāozǔ (高祖) || Cáo Pī (曹丕) [1] |
| courtesy name: Zǐhuán (子桓) | |
| posthumous name: Wén huángdì (文皇帝) | |
| 29 Jun 226 - 22 Jan 239 | Lièzǔ (烈祖) [239] || Cáo Ruì (曹叡) [2] |
| courtesy name: Yuánzhòng (元仲) | |
| posthumous name: Míng huángdì (明皇帝) [239] | |
| 22 Jan 239 - 17 Oct 254 | no temple name bestowed || Cáo Fāng (曹芳) [3] |
| courtesy name: Lánqīng (蘭卿) | |
| posthumous name: Lì gōng (厲公) [274] | |
| 2 Nov 254 - 2 Jun 260 | no temple name bestowed || Cáo Máo (曹髦) |
| courtesy name: Yànshì (彥士) | |
| 27 Jun 260 - 4 Feb 266 | no temple name bestowed || Cáo Huàn (曹奐) [4] |
| courtesy name: Jǐngmíng (景明) | |
| posthumous name: Yuán huángdì (元皇帝) [302] | |
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| [1] | According to the Records of the Three States, ch. 2, the ceremony of accession of Cáo Pī took place on 10 Dec 220. The Annotations to the Records of the Three States, citing a work known as the Biography of the Xian Emperor (Xiàn dì zhuàn | 獻帝傳) dates the ceremony to 11 Dec 220. The same date is cited in Zīzhì Tòngjiàn, ch. 69. |
| [2] | The posthumous name, Lièzǔ, was pre-selected in 237 during the emperor's lifetime and was formally bestowed after his death in 239. |
| [3] | Deposed and demoted to prince: Qí wáng (齊王) [the title had held before accession]; demoted to duke: Shàolíng xiàngōng (邵陵縣公) [conferred by the ruler of Jin, 266]. |
| [4] | Abdicated and was demoted to prince: Chénliú wáng (陳留王) [conferred by the ruler of Jin, 266]. |
Last update: 31 Jan 2025