 |
Maria I
b. 17 Dec 1734, Lisbon, Portugal
d. 20 Mar 1816, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Title: |
Por graça de Deus, Rainha do Reino Unido de Portugal, e do Brasil, e Algarves de aquém e de além-mar, em África de Guiné, e da Conquista, Navegação, e Comércio da Etiópia, Arábia, Pérsia, e da Índia, &c. (By the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal and Brazil and Algarves, of either side of the sea, of Guinea in Africa, and of the Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.) |
| Term: |
16 Dec 1815 - 20 Mar 1816 |
| Chronology: |
16 Dec 1815, assumed a new style (Por graça de Deus, Rainha do Reino Unido de Portugal, e do Brasil, e Algarves...) in accordance with a law of 16 Dec 1816, elevating Brazil to the status of a kingdom (Reino do Brasil) as part of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Algarves [1] |
| |
20 Mar 1816, died [2] |
| Names/titles: |
Baptized (9 Jan 1735): Maria Francisca Isabel Josefa Antonia Gertrudes Rita Joana |
| |
Princesa da Beira [from 17 Dec 1734] |
| |
Rainha de Portugal e dos Algarves de aquém e de além-mar, em África Senhora de Guiné e da Conquista, Navegação e Comércio da Etiópia, Arábia, Pérsia, e da Índia (Queen of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea, Lady of Guinea in Africa, and of the Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia and India) [24 Feb 1777 - 16 Dec 1815] |
| Biography: |
| Eldest daughter of King José I of Portugal and Mariana Vitória; was married to her uncle, Dom Pedro (6 Jun 1760), son of King João V (reigned 1706-1750); succeeded to the throne of Portugal (1777) along with her husband, who became king consort under the name of Pedro III; following the death of Pedro III (25 May 1786) and of her eldest son, Dom José Francisco Xavier de Paula (11 Sep 1788), she suffered a mental collapse (1 Feb 1792); pressed by the ministers regarding the severe mental illness of his mother, Maria's third son, Dom João Maria José Francisco Xavier de Paula (later King João VI), consented to perform the royal functions on behalf of and in the name of the queen (10 Feb 1792); after fruitless attempts to cure her progressing illness, Dom João formally assumed the style and office of regent (15 Jul 1799); in November 1807 the armies of Napoléon I armies invaded Portugal and Maria was taken on a board of a ship departing for Brazil (27 Nov 1807); the queen and royal court arrived at Rio de Janeiro on 7 Mar 1808; totally incapacitated by her illness, she lived in obscurity and died in 1816. |
| Biographical sources: "Portugal: Dicionário Histórico, Corográfico, Heráldico, Biográfico, Bibliográfico, Numismático e Artístico", ed. by João Romano Torres, 4:817-819; Gazeta de Lisboa, Num. 54, Quinta feira 23. de Dezembro de 1734, p. 604; Gazeta de Lisboa, Num. 2, Quinta feira 13. de Janeiro de 1735, pp. 23-24. |
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| [1] |
Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro, Quarta feira 20 de Dezembro de 1815, N.° 101; Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro, Quarta feira 10 de Janeiro de 1816, N.° 3. |
| [2] |
Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro, Sabbado 23 de Março de 1816, N.° 24. |
